Ndodo zolumikizira ndizofunikira kwambiri pamainjini amafuta ndi dizilo, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kufunikira kwakukulu, komwe ma injini amagalimoto amafunikira kwambiri. Masiku ano, Xiaogong amakutengerani kuti mumvetsetse chidziwitso chofunikira pakulumikiza ndodo.
Kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya ndodo yolumikizira
Ndodo yolumikizira ndi ndodo yocheperako yosakhala yozungulira yokhala ndi gawo losinthika, ndipo gawo lozungulira la ndodo limachepa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumapeto kwakukulu mpaka kumapeto kwazing'ono kuti ligwirizane ndi katundu wosintha mwachangu pakugwira ntchito. Zimapangidwa ndi mapeto aakulu a ndodo yolumikizira, thupi la ndodo ndi mapeto ang'onoang'ono a ndodo yolumikizira. Mapeto akulu a ndodo yolumikizira amalekanitsidwa, theka limaphatikizidwa ndi thupi la ndodo, ndipo theka lina ndi chivundikiro cha ndodo. Chophimba cha ndodo cholumikizira chimasonkhanitsidwa ndi crankshaft main magazine yokhala ndi mabawuti ndi mtedza. pamodzi.
Ndodo yolumikizira imalumikiza pisitoni ndi crankshaft, ndikutumiza mphamvu pa pisitoni kupita ku crankshaft, kutembenuza kubwereza kwa pisitoni kukhala kozungulira kwa crankshaft. Ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu kufala kwa injini galimoto. Imatumiza kukakamizidwa kwa mpweya wokulirapo womwe umagwira pamwamba pa pisitoni kupita ku crankshaft, kotero kuti kubwereza kwa mzere wa pistoni kumakhala kuyenda kozungulira kwa crankshaft kutulutsa mphamvu.
Zida zogwirira ntchito ndi zopanda kanthu
Zida zambiri zolumikizira ndodo zimasankhidwa zitsulo zamphamvu 45, zitsulo za 40Dr, ndi zina zotero, ndipo zimazimitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa kuti zipititse patsogolo ntchito yodula komanso kukana. Kuuma kumafuna zitsulo 45 kukhala HB217 ~ 293, ndi 40Dr kukhala HB223 ~ 280. Palinso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ductile iron ndi powder metallurgy, zomwe zingachepetse mtengo wazinthu zopanda kanthu.
Zopanda kanthu za ndodo zolumikizira zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa popanga, ndipo pali mitundu iwiri yopanda kanthu: imodzi ndiyo kuumba thupi ndikuphimba padera; Njira yosweka idzatupa. Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kupewa zolakwika zomwe zilibe kanthu, kuyeza kuuma kwa 100% ndi kuzindikira zolakwika kumafunika.
Kugwirizana kwa makina a ndodo
1. Kuyika ndi kukakamiza 1) Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa datum ndi kamangidwe koyenera kachikhazikitso choyambirira ndizovuta kwambiri paukadaulo wokonza. Pokoka malo oimikapo mitu yayikulu ndi yaying'ono ya ndodo yolumikizira, mawonekedwe omaliza a ndodo yolumikizira ndi bwalo lakunja laling'ono laling'ono lopanda kanthu komanso mfundo ziwiri za bwalo lakunja kwa nsonga yayikulu yosokonekera amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyikira movutikira. Mwanjira iyi, gawo lachiwongolero la maenje akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono amutu ndi malo opangira chivundikirocho ndi yunifolomu, ndipo kuyeza ndi kutulutsa kumapeto kwakukulu kwa ndodo yolumikizira kumatsimikiziridwa, ndipo mawonekedwe omaliza ndi malo a msonkhano wagawo amatsimikiziridwa.
2) Pokonza ndodo yolumikizira ndi msonkhano, njira zopangira ndi kuikapo za nkhope yotsiriza ya ndodo, pamwamba ndi mbali ya mutu waung'ono, ndi mbali ya mutu waukulu amatengedwa. Popanga chivundikiro cha ndodo yolumikizira munjira yopangira makina kuchokera pabowo la bawuti kupita ku spigot, njira yopangira ndi kuyika kwa nkhope yake yomaliza, nkhope ziwiri zokhala ndi bawuti, ndi mbali yakumbali ya nkhope imodzi yokhala ndi bawuti imatengedwa. Mtundu uwu wa malo ndi njira clamping ndi mkulu mobwerezabwereza malo olondola, khola ndi odalirika udindo, mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono mbali, ntchito yabwino, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuchokera roughing mpaka kumaliza. Popeza kuti malo owonetserako ndi ogwirizana, kukula ndi malo a malo oyikapo pa ndondomeko iliyonse zimasungidwanso chimodzimodzi. Zonsezi zimapereka mikhalidwe yabwino yokhazikitsira ndondomeko ndikuwonetsetsa kulondola kwa makina.
2. Kukonzekera ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ndi kugawa magawo opangira
Kulondola kwa dimensional, kulondola kwa mawonekedwe ndi kulondola kwa malo a ndodo yolumikizira ndizokwera kwambiri, koma kulimba kwake kumakhala kovutirapo ndipo ndikosavuta kupunduka. Malo opangira makina a ndodo yolumikizira ndi mabowo akulu ndi ang'onoang'ono amutu, nkhope ziwiri zomaliza, malo olowa pakati pa chivundikiro cha ndodo yolumikizira ndi thupi la ndodo yolumikizira, ndi mabawuti. Malo achiwiri ndi mabowo a mafuta, zotsekera zotsekera, ndi zina zotero. Palinso njira monga kuyeza ndi kuchepetsa kulemera, kuyang'ana, kuyeretsa ndi kuchotsa. Ndodo yolumikizira ndi kufa, ndipo machining allowance ya dzenje ndi yayikulu, ndipo ndikosavuta kupanga kupsinjika kotsalira pakudula. Choncho, pokonzekera ndondomekoyi, njira zowonongeka ndi zomaliza zamtundu uliwonse waukulu ziyenera kupatulidwa. Mwanjira iyi, mapindikidwe omwe amayamba chifukwa cha roughing amatha kukonzedwa pakumaliza. Ma deformation omwe amapangidwa mu semi-finishing process akhoza kukonzedwa pomaliza, ndipo pamapeto pake zofunikira zaukadaulo za gawolo zimakwaniritsidwa ndipo datum yoyimilira imakonzedwa poyamba pakukonza njira.
Njira yolumikizira ndodo imatha kugawidwa m'magawo awa:
1) Chigawo cha makina okhwima Chigawo cha makina osokoneza bongo ndichonso siteji yokonza chiwombankhanga chisanayambe kugwirizanitsa ndodo ndi chivundikirocho chikuphatikizidwa: makamaka kukonza ndege ya datum, kuphatikizapo kukonza ndege ya datum, ndi kukonzekera kuphatikiza kwa ndodo yolumikizira thupi ndi chivundikiro, monga mbali zosiyana za ziwirizo. mphero, mphero, etc.
2) Semi-kumaliza siteji The theka-kumaliza siteji imakhalanso processing pambuyo kugwirizana ndodo thupi ndi chivundikirocho akuphatikizidwa, monga akupera zabwino ndege ziwiri, theka anamaliza dzenje lalikulu mutu ndi dzenje chamfering, etc. Mwachidule, ndi siteji yokonzekera kumaliza mabowo akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono amutu.
3) Gawo lomaliza Gawo lomaliza ndilofunika kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti mabowo onse akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono pamtunda waukulu wa ndodo yolumikizira amakwaniritsa zofunikira za zojambulazo, monga kukulitsa dzenje lalikulu lakumapeto, kusangalatsa bowo laling'ono, ndi zina zotero.
4) Njira yoyendetsera tebulo yolumikizira ndodo
Ndi ndodo yanji yolumikizira yomwe ili yabwino yolumikizira?
Mapeto ang'onoang'ono a ndodo yolumikizira amalumikizidwa ndi pisitoni kudzera pa pistoni, ndipo kumapeto kwakukulu kumalumikizidwa ndi magazini ya crankshaft. Kukula kwa malekezero akuluakulu ndi ang'onoang'ono kumadalira kupanikizika kwapakati. Kutentha kwa ntchito ya ndodo yolumikizira ndi 90 ~ 100 ℃, ndipo kuthamanga ndi 3000 ~ 5000r / min. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kulowa yosalala kwa kulumikiza ndodo forgings mu mzere wodziwikiratu mwatsatanetsatane Machining kupanga ndi kulondola msonkhano wa mbali yomalizidwa mu injini, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, kuti akhalebe mkulu pafupipafupi mavuto ndi psinjika alternating kupsyinjika pa opareshoni mkulu-liwiro, crankshaft nthawi zonse bwino. chikhalidwe, kufuna mphamvu mkulu ndi kutopa moyo wolumikiza ndodo forgings.
Pamaziko okwaniritsa kulondola kwazithunzi, zomangira ndodo zolumikizira ziyeneranso kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi zabwino:
1. Malo otsetsereka opanda jekeseni ali pakati pa 3 ° ndi 5 °, ndipo unyinji wosajambulidwa wa fillet R uli pakati pa 2 ndi 5mm.
2. Malo osapangidwa ndi makina ayenera kukhala osalala, ndipo palibe zolakwika monga ming'alu, zopindika, zipsera, ndi mamba a oxide (maenje okhala ndi> 1mm) amaloledwa.
3. M'lifupi mwa kung'anima kotsalira pamtunda wotsatsira ndi wocheperapo kapena wofanana ndi 0.8mm.
4. Mayendedwe azitsulo zazitsulo mu gawo lautali ayenera kukhala pambali pa mzere wapakati komanso mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe. Sipayenera kukhala chisokonezo ndi discontinuity, ndipo palibe zolakwika monga porosity, kupukutira ndi zosagwirizana ndi zitsulo zomwe zimaloledwa.
5. Kuuma kwa chithandizo chozimitsa ndi kutentha kuli pakati pa 220 ndi 270HB.
6. Zolembapo ziyenera kufufuzidwa kuti ziwonekere zolakwika.
7. Kukonza kuwotcherera sikuloledwa kwa zolakwika pa forgings.
8. Kupatuka kwabwino kwa gulu lililonse la forgings ndikochepera kapena kofanana ndi 3%.
Chodzikanira: Nkhaniyi idapangidwanso pa intaneti, ndipo kukopera ndi kwa wolemba woyamba. Ngati makanema, zithunzi, ndi zolemba zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nkhaniyi zikukhudzana ndi kukopera, chonde tidziwitseni posachedwa. Tidzatsimikizira kukopera molingana ndi zida zotsimikizira zomwe mumapereka ndikulipira malipiro a wolemba molingana ndi miyezo ya dziko kapena kuchotsa zomwe zilimo nthawi yomweyo! Zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi ndi malingaliro a wolemba woyambirira, ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti akaunti yovomerezekayi ikugwirizana ndi maganizo ake ndipo ili ndi udindo wowona.
