M'nthawi ya magalimoto amagetsi, kodi sitifunikira injini?
Yankho n’lakuti ayi. Mu 2023, magalimoto atsopano okwana 13.03 miliyoni adagulitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe 3.91 miliyoni anali ma PHEV ndi ma REEV okhala ndi injini zoyaka mkati, ndipo 9.12 miliyoni anali magalimoto amagetsi.
Malinga ndi gawo lapadziko lonse lapansi, kuchuluka kwa injini zoyatsira mkati m'munda wamagetsi zafika pafupifupi 30%. Pamsika wapakhomo, kukula kwa magawo a PHEV ndi REEV ndikuwonekeratu, ndipo tsopano kwaposa kuchuluka kwa magawo a EV.
Kotero ine ndinanena kuti injini kuyaka mkati akadali mfundo yofunika thandizo mu nthawi ya magalimoto magetsi.
Chimodzi ndi chakuti magalimoto atsopano omwe ali ndi injini zoyatsira mkati alibe nkhawa, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo ndi kubwezeretsanso mphamvu kumakhala kofanana ndi magalimoto a petulo, ndipo chitetezo chawo ndi chabwino kuposa magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi omwe ali ndi mapaketi akuluakulu a batri. Chinanso ndikuti ukadaulo wama injini oyatsira mkati ndiwokhwima kwambiri ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi magalimoto oyera amagetsi okhala ndi mapaketi akuluakulu a batri, mtengo wake ndi wotsika kwambiri.
Panjira yopangira magetsi, zinthu zoperekedwa ndi ogulitsa zathetsa mavuto aukadaulo amakampani ambiri. Mwanjira ina, mphamvu zamapangidwe amitundu yambiri yamagetsi yamagetsi sangathe kutsegula kusiyana kwenikweni, makamaka pamapangidwe a PHEV. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri kuti mutsegule kusiyana kwa mankhwala ndi injini yoyaka mkati.
Injini zabwino kwambiri zoyatsira mkati zimatha kupereka chithandizo chofunikira kumakampani:
1. Bwino ntchito boma pamene kudyetsa mphamvu. Ngati teknoloji ya injini yoyaka mkati siikwanira, galimoto yonse sidzakhala ndi ntchito ndi NVH pansi pa ntchito zonse zoyendetsa galimoto ndi kupanga magetsi.
2. Pansi pa zomangamanga za REEV, kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta a injini yoyaka bwino mkati kudzakhala kochepa chifukwa mphamvu yopangira mphamvu ndi yapamwamba.
3. Kukhalitsa bwino ndi kukhazikika. Makampani ambiri anyalanyaza kufunikira kwa injini zoyatsira mkati, zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto monga kugwedezeka ndi phokoso lalikulu pamene galimoto ikugwira ntchito, ndipo tsatanetsatane samasamalidwa bwino.
Mwanjira ina, magalimoto onse atsopano amphamvu okhala ndi injini zoyatsira mkati, ngati akufuna kukonza zambiri, pamapeto pake amafunikira injini zoyatsira zamkati kuti zithandizire.
Toyota adanena kuti sangasiye kufufuza ndi chitukuko cha injini zoyaka mkati, zomwe zinatsutsidwa ndi anthu ambiri ochezera pa intaneti, omwe amakhulupirira kuti Toyota ikusintha mbiri yakale, koma zoona siziri choncho. Kwenikweni, makampani onse apakhomo sanasiye kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha injini zoyatsira mkati.
Great Wall's 3.0T ndi Chery's 2.0T onse ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Makampani omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ma hybrids a plug-in apanganso injini zosakanizidwa za 1.5L ndi 1.5T. Cholinga chake ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, komanso chidziwitso cha NVH chagalimoto mukamagwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Mfundozi sizinayiwalika, zomwe ndi chinsinsi chachikulu cha mpikisano wopambana m'tsogolomu.
Kukula kwamtsogolo kwa msika wamagalimoto onyamula anthu ndikuyika magetsi, koma kuya kwa magetsi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.
M'tsogolomu, padzakhala anthu ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amasankha magalimoto amagetsi oyera, koma padzakhalanso gulu lalikulu lomwe limasankha ma plug-in hybrid ndi ma hybrids otalikirapo. Njira yaukadaulo ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsa ntchito ndizophatikiza kwambiri. Chochitika cha magalimoto amagetsi oyera okha chidzabweretsa zovuta zazikulu kuzinthu zamtsogolo zamtsogolo komanso kuyenda mtunda wautali. Magalimoto amagetsi atsopano omwe amathandizidwa ndi injini zoyatsira mkati adzachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta pomwe akuwonjezera zomwe zikuchitika.
Makamaka, zomwe zinachitikira gulu lanzeru ndi zamphamvu kwambiri, kotero injini yoyaka moto yamkati sichidzasiyidwa, ndipo idzapitirizabe kusintha m'tsogolomu, ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, NVH yabwino, komanso kugwiritsira ntchito bwino kwa kutentha kwapakati pazochitika zonse zidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
Monga momwe mainjiniya ayesera momwe angathere kuti achepetse kukoka kokwanira, kuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa 1% pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa injini yoyatsira mkati kumathandizira kwambiri kupirira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. M'nthawi yamakono pamene mphamvu yowonjezera yowonjezera ya injini yoyaka mkati imakhala yosakwana 35%, pali malo ambiri oti asinthe.
M'tsogolomu, palibe malo ambiri oti apititse patsogolo ukadaulo wa batri, ukadaulo wamagalimoto, ndiukadaulo wopepuka. Pamapeto pake, tiyenera kubwereranso ku mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha injini zoyatsira mkati.
（Chithunzichi chikuchokera pa intaneti. Ngati pali kuphwanya kulikonse, chonde titumizireni kuti tichotse.)
