Iyo crankshaft chikamu chakakosha cheinjini yemotokari. Basa rayo ndere kushandura simba regesi kubva papiston uye tsvimbo yekubatanidza kuita torque, uye kushandura mutsara wekufamba kwepiston kuita inotenderera inofamba, iyo inoshandiswa kutyaira iyo yekufambisa system yemotokari uye zvikamu zveinjini. Mhepo michina uye zvimwe zvekubatsira midziyo. Kuti uzviise pachena, ndiyo simba rinobuda chikamu chemotokari.
Simba re crankshaft rakanyanya kuoma. Inoshanda pasi pechiito chakabatanidzwa chenguva nenguva kushandura gasi simba, inertial simba uye nguva yayo, uye inotakura mitoro inochinjika yekukotama uye torsion. Naizvozvo, iyo crankshaft inodiwa kuti ive nesimba rakakwana rekuneta uye kusimba kubva pakukotama uye torsion; iyo jenari inofanira kunge iine yakakwana inotakura nzvimbo uye kupfeka kusagadzikana.
Iyo crankshaft inowanzo gadzirwa ye45, 40Cr, 35Mn2 uye imwe yepakati kabhoni simbi uye yepakati kabhoni alloy simbi nekufa forging. Iyo yepamusoro yejenari inoiswa kune yakakwira frequency kudzima kana nitriding kurapwa, uye pakupedzisira kupedzisa. Kuti uvandudze simba rekuneta kwe crankshaft uye kubvisa kushushikana kwekushushikana, pamusoro pejenari panofanirwa kupfurwa, uye makona akatenderedzwa anofanirwa kuisirwa kurapwa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo nitrided crankshaft inofanirwa kudzokororwa zvakare mushure mekugaya, kana zvisina kudaro crankshaft ichave iri munjodzi yekutyoka.
Iyo crankshaft inonyatso ine akati wandei unit cranks. Pini yepini, maoko maviri ekuruboshwe nekurudyi uye maviri makuru ekuruboshwe nekurudyi anoumba unit crank. Chimiro chehukama kana kurongeka kwemakrank kunoenderana nehuwandu hwemasilinda, kurongeka kwemasilinda uye kutevedzana kwekushanda kweinjini.
Kutyoka kwecrankshaft kunowanzotanga kubva pakatsemuka kadiki, uye mizhinji yepakatsemuka inoitika muchikamu chekubatanidza nerukoko ruoko pafillet yejoni yekubatanidza tsvimbo yemusoro silinda kana cylinder yekupedzisira. Panguva yekuvhiya, mutswe unowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye unongoerekana watsemuka kana wasvika pane imwe nhanho. Chikamu chebrown chinowanzo kuwanikwa pavhu rakaputsika, iro sezviri pachena kutsemuka kwekare, uye inopenya uye inopenya matishu ndiwo mucherechedzo wakakura kusvika pakuputsika kwakamwe kamwe gare gare. Nhasi, mupepeti achagovana newe chii chikonzero chekuputsika crankshaft?
Injini crankshaft fracture inokonzera
1. Makona akatenderedzwa kumativi ese ejenari re crankshaft madiki zvakanyanya
Pakukuya crankshaft, grinder yakatadza kunyatso kudzora axial fillet ye crankshaft. Pamusoro peiyo hutsinye hwekugadzirisa, fillet radius yaive idiki, saka kushushikana kukuru kwakagadzirwa pafillet apo crankshaft yaive ichishanda, uye crankshaft yakapfupikiswa. kuneta hupenyu.
2. Axis ye crankshaft main journal inodzikiswa, uye axis ye crankshaft main journal is offset, izvo zvinoparadza dynamic balance ye crankshaft assembly. Kana injini yedhiziri ichimhanya nekumhanya kukuru, simba rakasimba reinertial rinogadzirwa, izvo zvinoita kuti crankshaft iparadze.
3. Kunyanya kutonhora kuenzaniswa kwecrankshaft Mushure mekushandisa kwenguva refu, kunyanya mushure metsaona yekupisa tile kana kurovera cylinder, crankshaft ichava nekukombama kukuru, uye inofanira kubviswa nokuda kwekugadzirisa kutonhora. Nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwepurasitiki yesimbi mukati me crankshaft panguva yekuenzanisa, yakakura yekuwedzera kushushikana inogadzirwa, nekudaro ichidzikisa simba re crankshaft. Kana makwikwi ekutonhora akakurisa, crankshaft inogona kukuvara kana kutsemuka, uye crankshaft ichatsemuka munguva pfupi yaiswa.
4. Flywheel yakasununguka
Kana bhaudhi reflywheel rakasununguka, gungano re crankshaft rinorasikirwa nechiyero chayo chepakutanga, uye injini yedhiziri inozunguza mushure mekushanda, uye panguva imwechete ichigadzira simba guru reinertial, zvichikonzera kuneta kwe crankshaft uye kuputika nyore kumucheto kumashure.
5. Hunhu husina kunaka hwe crankshaft pachayo
Kutenga crankshafts hakufanire kukara zvekuchipa, uye kunofanirwa kutengwa kubva kumatanho akajairwa. Inofanirawo kuongororwa zvakanyatsonaka isati yaiswa, uye kana pane dambudziko, inofanira kutsiviwa kana kudzorerwa nenguva. Pamusoro pezvo, kana injini ichinge yakwenenzverwa, crankshaft inofanirwa kuve pasi pekuonekwa kwemagineti kukanganisa kana kunyudzwa-kunyudzwa kwepercussion kuongororwa. Kana paine radial kana axial cracks inosvika pafudzi fillet pamusoro pejenari, crankshaft haigone kushandiswa zvakare.
6. Gwenzi guru rakasiyana neshaft
Kana iyo crankshaft yakaunganidzwa, kana mitsetse yepakati yemakwenzi makuru pane silinda block isiri paaxis imwechete, tsaona yekupisa makwenzi uye kubata maaxles ichaitika nyore mushure mekushanda kweinjini yedhiziri, uye crankshaft ichatsemukawo pasi pechiito chakasimba chekuchinjana kunetseka.
7. crankshaft assembly clearance yakakurisa
Kana iyo clearance pakati pejenari re crankshaft uye gwenzi rinobereka rakakura zvakanyanya, crankshaft inokanganisa gwenzi rinotakura mushure mekunge injini yedhiziri yamhanya, asi alloy inodonha uye gwenzi rinopiswa kuti ribate shaft, uye crankshaft inokuvara nyore.
8. Nguva yekupa mafuta yakakurumidza kana huwandu hwemafuta ehumburumbira imwe neimwe haina kuenzana
Kana pombi yejekiseni yemafuta ichipa mafuta kare kare, piston inopisa isati yasvika panzvimbo yepamusoro yakafa, izvo zvichaita kuti injini yedhiziri igogodze, uye crankshaft inokanganiswa nekuchinjana kunetseka. Kana huwandu hwemafuta akapihwa kune humburumbira imwe neimwe isiri yunifomu, majenari e crankshaft achave akasimbiswa zvisina kuenzana nekuda kwekusawirirana kwezviitiko zvekuputika kwecylinder yega yega, zvichikonzera kuneta kusati kwasvika uye kuputika.
9. Kuzora zvisina kunaka crankshaft
Kana pombi yemafuta yakapfekwa zvakanyanya, chiteshi chemafuta ekuzora chakasviba uye kutenderera hakusi kutsetseka, kupihwa kwemafuta kunenge kusina kukwana uye kudzvanywa kwemafuta kunodonha, zvichikonzera kutadza kuumba yakajairika mafuta ekuzora firimu pakati pe crankshaft uye gwenzi rinotakura, zvichikonzera kukweshana kwakaoma uye kuita kuti gwenzi rinopisa ribate shaft. , crankshaft yakaputsika nedzimwe tsaona huru.
10. Crankshaft yatyoka mushure mekuvhiyiwa
Kana iyo accelerator yakakura kwazvo kana idiki, inowanzoitika mabhureki kana kuremerwa kushanda kwenguva yakareba, crankshaft ichakuvadzwa ne torque yakawandisa kana kuvhunduka mutoro. Uye zvakare, kana tsaona dzakaita sekumhanyisa, ramming uye vharafu yepamusoro inoitika muinjini yedhiziri, crankshaft inotapukira zvakare.
Mhosva Kuongororwa uye Kubviswa kweInjini Crankshaft Fracture
Kuti udzivirire crankshaft kubva pakutyoka, matanho anotevera anogona kutorwa panguva yekugadzirisa:
Chokutanga pane zvose, usati wagadzirisa crankshaft, nyatsotarisa kana crankshaft ine kuputika, nyatsoteerera kune chikamu chekuchinja chefillet, kana pane kuputika, shaft inofanira kuputswa. Paunenge uchipukuta jenari, iyo jenari uye crank ruoko inofanirwa kuchengetedza imwe radius ye fillet. Saizi yefillet haifanirwe kuderedzwa zvisina tsarukano. Teerera kumucheto kwepamusoro kwefillet, zvikasadaro zvinokonzeresa kushushikana uye kuita kuti crankshaft ityoke.
Chechipiri, kana saizi yejenari yakapfuura muganhu, zvinodikanwa kushandisa nzira ine zvishoma zvinokanganisa simba rekuneta kwejenari kuidzosera. Kusimba kwakaderedzwa zvikuru.
Zvadaro, kubvumirana kwemvumo uye kupera kwekuregererwa kwejenari rega rega uye kutakura kunofanira kuenderana nechiyero. Kana iyo clearance yakakurisa, crankshaft inogona kukuvara nyore nekuda kwekukanganisa. Kana iyo clearance yakanyanya kudiki, crankshaft inogona kuputswa nekuda kweshaft. Panyaya yekuungana, nguva yekubatidza inofanirwa kuverengerwa nenzira kwayo, kwete kumberi kana kumashure zvakanyanya, uye teerera kune kuenzana kwe crankshaft, flywheel uye clutch.
Disclaimer: Ichi chinyorwa chakadhindwa pamhepo, uye kodzero yacho ndeyemunyori wekutanga. Kana mavhidhiyo, mapikicha, uye zvinyorwa zvakashandiswa muchinyorwa ichi zvine nyaya dzekodzero, ndapota tizivise nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Isu tinosimbisa kodzero yacho maererano neumbowo hwezvinhu zvaunopa uye nekubhadhara mubairo wemunyori zvinoenderana nenyika kana kudzima zvirimo nekukurumidza! Zviri muchinyorwa ichi maonero emunyori wekutanga, uye hazvireve kuti iyi yepamutemo account inobvumirana nemafungiro ayo uye ine mutoro wehuchokwadi hwayo.
