Umahluko ulele kwimigaqo yabo yokusebenza.
1. Umgaqo osebenzayo we-injini yamafutha
Makhe sithathe injini yepetroli ene-cylinder enye njengomzekelo ukucacisa umgaqo osebenzayo we-injini yamafutha.
I-piston ifakwe kwi-cylinder, kwaye i-piston ixhunyiwe kwi-crankshaft ngepiston yepiston kunye nentonga yokudibanisa. I-piston iphinda ibuyele kwi-cylinder kwaye iqhube i-crankshaft ukujikeleza ngentonga yokudibanisa. Ukuze uphefumle igesi entsha kunye ne-exhaust exhaust, ivalve yokungena kunye nevalve yokukhupha inikezelwa.
Umphezulu wepiston ukude kakhulu kumbindi wecrankshaft, oko kukuthi, eyona ndawo iphezulu yepiston, ebizwa ngokuba liziko eliphezulu lokufa. Umphezulu wepiston ukufutshane kumbindi wecrankshaft, oko kukuthi, eyona ndawo isezantsi yepiston, ebizwa ngokuba liziko elisezantsi elifileyo.
Umgama phakathi kwamaziko aphezulu nasezantsi afileyo ubizwa ngokuba yi-piston stroke, kwaye umgama osuka kwiziko loqhagamshelo lwe-crankshaft kunye nesiphelo esisezantsi sentonga yokudibanisa kumbindi we-crankshaft ibizwa ngokuba yi-crankshaft radius. I-stroke nganye yepiston ihambelana ne-crankshaft yokujikeleza i-angle ye-180 °.
Kwi-injini isilinda esisembindini sayo sidlula kumgca osembindini wecrankshaft, ipiston stroke ilingana neradiyasi ephindwe kabini.
Umthamo otshayelwe yipiston ukusuka kwiziko eliphezulu lokufa ukuya kwiziko elisezantsi elifile libizwa ngokuba ngumthamo osebenzayo we-injini okanye ukususwa kwe-injini, okumelwa luphawu VL.
Umjikelo wokusebenza we-injini ye-four-stroke uquka izibetho ezine zepiston, ezizezi, i-stroke yokuthatha, i-compression stroke, i-stroke yokwandisa (i-stroke yamandla) kunye ne-exhaust stroke.
2. Umgaqo osebenzayo we-injini yegesi:
I-LNG ingena kwi-carburetor ukusuka kwi-cylinder yegesi ngombhobho wokufudumeza kunye ne-vaporized, kwaye emva koko izinzile ngegesi emva kokuzinziswa kwetanki yokulawula uxinzelelo kwaye ihluzwe ngesihluzo segesi. Emva koko, inokungena kwisilawuli soxinzelelo nge-valve ye-electromagnetic cut-off valve ukuzinzisa uxinzelelo, kwaye igesi ezinzileyo ingena kwi-heat exchanger.
I-CNG ingena kwisinciphisi soxinzelelo ukusuka kwi-cylinder yegesi ecinezelekileyo ngombhobho ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-8 bar, kwaye ingena kwi-heat exchanger ngokusebenzisa isihluzo.
Igesi ifudunyezwa ngumtshintshi wokushisa kwaye ingena kwi-FMV nge-thermostat. Ilawulwa yi-FMV ukuba ifakwe kwi-mixer kwaye ixutywe nomoya ocinezelekileyo. I-throttle ye-elektroniki ilawula igesi exutywe ukuba ingene kwi-cylinder ye-injini yokutshisa kunye nokusebenza.
I-LPG iphuma kwi-cylinder yegesi kwaye idlula kwi-valve ye-solenoid ephezulu yoxinzelelo kwi-vaporizer kunye nomlawuli woxinzelelo, ibe yi-LPG yegesi. I-LPG ixutywe ngokupheleleyo nomoya kwi-mixer nge-FTV kwaye ingena kwi-cylinder ye-injini ukwenzela ukuvutha okuxutywe.
Owona mahluko usisiseko yinjini. Imigaqo yabo yokusebenza yahluke kakhulu. I-injini ye-diesel yi-compress ignition kunye nendawo yokutshisa i-220 ° C; i-injini yepetroli yintlantsi yomlilo enendawo yokutshisa engama-427°C; kunye ne-injini yegesi yendalo yintlantsi yomlilo enendawo yokutshisa engama-650°C.
INJINI HYUNDAI G4FG
Iinjini zamafutha (ezifana neemoto) ziqhutywa ngeepiston kunye neesilinda. Iinjini zerhasi (ukuvelisa amandla obushushu) zisebenzisa irhasi ukutshiza kwiiinjini zomoya ukuqhuba ukujikeleza.
Inzuzo enkulu yeenjini zegesi kungcoliseko oluphantsi. Iinjini zegesi yendalo aziyinyibilikisi i-oyile yokuthambisa, inokwandisa ubomi be-injini, kwaye zinokunciphisa ingxolo yemoto.
Nangona kunjalo, kusekho iingxaki ekusebenziseni iimoto ze-injini yegesi, phakathi kwazo ezona zibalaseleyo kukuncitshiswa kwamandla e-injini, ukubola kwe-injini kunye nokunxiba kwangaphambili.
Isizathu sokunciphisa amandla eemoto zegesi yendalo kukuhla kwe-coefficient yokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye ne-injini yokunciphisa i-injini ephantsi; isizathu sokuguga kwangaphambili kwe-injini kubangelwa yi-trace sulfides kwigesi yendalo.
NISSAN ZD25 2.5L 10101-Y3700
(Umfanekiso uvela kwi-Intanethi. Ukuba kukho naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ukuze ulucime.)
