Kubatanidza tsvimbo zvinhu zvakanyanya kukosha muinjini dzepeturu uye injini dzedhiziri, dzine zvakasiyana siyana uye kudiwa kukuru, pakati peiyo injini dzemotokari dzine kudiwa kukuru. Nhasi, Xiaogong inokutora kuti unzwisise ruzivo rwakakodzera rwekubatanidza kugadzira tsvimbo.
Chimiro uye basa rekubatanidza tsvimbo
Iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo inenge yakatetepa isina-denderedzwa tsvimbo ine shanduko-yakasiyana-siyana, uye chikamu chemuchinjikwa chemuviri wetsvimbo chinoderera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kumucheto mukuru kusvika kumucheto muduku kuti uenderane nekukurumidza kuchinja simba rekuita panguva yebasa. Inoumbwa nekuguma kukuru kwetambo yekubatanidza, muviri wetsvimbo uye kupera kuduku kwetambo yekubatanidza. Mhedziso huru yetambo yekubatanidza inoparadzaniswa, hafu inosanganiswa nemuviri wetsvimbo, uye imwe hafu ndiyo chivharo chekubatanidza tsvimbo. Iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo yekuvhara yakaunganidzwa ne crankshaft main journal ine mabhaudhi nenzungu. pamwe chete.
Tsvimbo yekubatanidza inobatanidza piston uye crankshaft, uye inoendesa simba papiston kune crankshaft, ichishandura kudzoreredza kufamba kwepiston kuita kutenderera kwe crankshaft. Ndiyo imwe yeakanyanya kutapurirana zvikamu zveinjini yemotokari. Inotamisa kudzvanywa kwegasi rinokura richiita pamusoro pepiston kuenda ku crankshaft, kuitira kuti kudzokororwa kwemutsara wepiston kufambisa kunove kutenderera kwe crankshaft kune simba rekubuda.
Workpiece zvinhu uye blanks
Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvekubatanidza tsvimbo zvinosarudzwa zvakakwirira-simba 45 simbi, 40Dr simbi, nezvimwewo, uye zvinodzimwa uye zvinopisa kuti zvivandudze kucheka kushanda uye kukanganisa kupikisa. Kuomarara kunoda 45 simbi kuve HB217~293, uye 40Dr kuve HB223~280. Kune zvakare ayo anoshandisa ductile iron uye poda metallurgy tekinoroji, iyo inogona kuderedza mutengo wezvivharo.
Iwo mabheji esimbi ekubatanidza tsvimbo anowanzo kugadzirwa nekugadzira, uye kune maviri mafomu ezvivharo: imwe ndeyekugadzira muviri uye kuvhara zvakasiyana; Kupwanya kunozozvimba. Pamusoro pezvo, kuitira kudzivirira kukanganisa mune isina chinhu, 100% kuomarara kuyerwa uye kuona kukanganisa kunodiwa.
Kubatanidza tsvimbo machining process
1. Positioning uye clamping 1) Sarudzo chaiyo yeiyo rough datum uye ine musoro dhizaini yekutanga yekumisikidza gadziriso inyaya dzakakosha mukugadzira tekinoroji. Paunenge uchidhonza nzvimbo dzekumisikidza dzemisoro mikuru nemidiki yetsvimbo yekubatanidza, iyo inogumira inogumira kumeso kwetambo yekubatanidza uye denderedzwa rekunze-matatu-ekunze kwekupedzisira kudiki isina chinhu uye mapoinzi maviri ekunze denderedzwa rehombe yekupedzisira isina chinhu anoshandiswa kune rough referensi yekumisikidza. Nenzira iyi, mvumo yekugadzira yemakomba makuru uye madiki emusoro uye nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa dzechifukidzo dzakafanana, uye kuyerwa uye kuderedzwa kwekupedzisira kwetambo yekubatanidza kunovimbiswa, uye chimiro chekupedzisira uye chinzvimbo chechikamu chegungano zvinovimbiswa.
2) Mukugadzirisa tsvimbo yekubatanidza uye gungano, kugadzirisa uye kuisa nzira dzechiso chekupedzisira tsvimbo, pamusoro pepamusoro uye rutivi rwemusoro muduku, uye rutivi rwemusoro mukuru runogamuchirwa. Mukugadzira kwechivharo chekubatanidza tsvimbo mukugadzira machining kubva pagomba rebhaudhi kusvika kune spigot, machining uye yekumisikidza nzira yekuguma kwayo kwechiso, zviso zviviri zvemabhaudhi ezvigaro, uye kudivi kudivi reimwe bhaudhi rekugara chiso chinogamuchirwa. Iri rudzi rwekumisikidza uye nzira yekurovedzera ine yakakwirira yakadzokororwa yekumisikidza kurongeka, yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika chinzvimbo, kudiki deformation yezvikamu, kushanda kuri nyore, uye inogona kushandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana kubva pakukasira kusvika pakupera. Sezvo referensi yekumisikidza yakabatana, saizi uye chinzvimbo chenzvimbo dzekumisikidza mune yega yega maitiro zvinochengetwa zvakafanana. Zvese izvi zvinopa mamiriro akanaka ekudzikamisa maitiro uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti machining echokwadi.
2. Kurongeka kwekugadzirisa kutevedzana uye kupatsanurwa kwematanho ekugadzirisa
Kurongeka kwedimensional, kurongeka kwechimiro uye kurongeka kwenzvimbo yetambo yekubatanidza yakakwirira kwazvo, asi kuomarara kwakashata uye kuri nyore kukanganisa. Nzvimbo huru dzekugadzira machini emudonzvo wekubatanidza ndiwo makomba makuru uye maduku emusoro, zviso zviviri zvekupedzisira, nzvimbo yekubatana pakati pevhavha yedanda rekubatanidza uye muviri wetsvimbo yekubatanidza, uye mabhoti. Nzvimbo dzechipiri maburi emafuta, kuvhara grooves, etc. Kunewo maitiro akadai sekuyera uye de-weighting, kuongorora, kuchenesa uye deburring. Iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo ndeye kufa kwekufa, uye machining mvumo yegomba yakakura, uye zviri nyore kugadzira kusara kunetseka panguva yekucheka. Nokudaro, pakuronga nzira, maitiro akaoma uye ekupedzisa kwepamusoro pepamusoro pepamusoro anofanira kuparadzaniswa. Nenzira iyi, deformation inokonzerwa ne roughing inogona kugadziriswa mu semi-kupedza. Iyo deformation inogadzirwa mu semi-yekupedzisira maitiro inogona kugadziriswa mukupedzisa maitiro, uye pakupedzisira izvo zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvechikamu zvinosangana uye iyo yekumisikidza datum inogadziriswa kutanga muhurongwa hwekuita.
Iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo process inogona kukamurwa mumatanho anotevera:
1) Huru machining nhanho Iyo yakaoma machining nhanho zvakare nhanho yekugadzirisa pamberi peiyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo muviri uye chivharo chabatanidzwa: kunyanya kugadzirisa kweiyo datum ndege, kusanganisira yekubatsira datum gadziriso yendege, uye gadziriro yekubatanidzwa kweiyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo muviri uye chivharo, senge zvakapesana zvezviviri. kugaya, kugaya, nezvimwewo.
2) Semi-yekupedzisira nhanho Iyo semi-yekupedzisira nhanho zvakare kugadzirisa mushure meiyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo muviri uye chivharo chakabatanidzwa, senge kugaya kwakanaka kwendege mbiri, semi-yapedzwa hombe musoro gomba uye gomba chamfering, nezvimwewo.
3) Danho rekupedzisa Danho rekupedzisa rinonyanya kuve nechokwadi chekuti maburi makuru uye madiki ari pamusoro peiyo tsvimbo yekubatanidza anosangana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa, senge kukudza gomba guru rekupedzisira, kufinha kufinha kwegomba diki rekupedzisira, nezvimwe.
4) Maitiro ekuyerera tafura yekubatanidza tsvimbo kugadzirisa
Ndeupi rudzi rwekubatanidza tsvimbo yakanaka yekubatanidza tsvimbo?
Mugumo mudiki wemudonzvo wekubatanidza wakabatana nepiston kuburikidza nepiston pin, uye magumo makuru akabatanidzwa nejenari ye crankshaft. Kukura kwezvigumo zvakakura uye zviduku zvinoenderana nekumanikidzika kwekutakura nzvimbo. Kupisa kwekushanda kwetambo yekubatanidza ndeye 90～100℃, uye kumhanya kwekumhanya ndeye 3000～5000r/min. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekupinda kwakatsetseka kweiyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo forgings mune otomatiki chaiyo machining mutsara wekugadzira uye kurongeka kwegungano kwezvikamu zvakapedzwa muinjini, uye panguva imwe chete, kuitira kuchengetedza yakakwira frequency yekunetsana uye kudzvanya kushandura kushushikana panguva yekumhanya-mhanya, crankshaft inogara iri muyero. mamiriro, anoda simba rakakwirira uye kuneta hupenyu hwekubatanidza tsvimbo forgings.
Pachimiro chekusangana neiyo dimensional kudhirowa, iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo forgings inofanirwa kusangana neanotevera tekinoroji uye zvemhando zvinodiwa:
1. Iyo isina jekiseni yekuumba slope iri pakati pe3 ° ne5 °, uye isina jekiseni fillet radius R iri pakati pe2 ne5mm.
2. Iyo isiri-yakagadzirwa pamusoro inofanira kuva yakatsetseka, uye hapana kukanganisa kwakadai sekutsemuka, kupeta, mavanga, uye oxide zviyero (makomba ane hudzamu hwe> 1mm) anobvumirwa.
3. Upamhi hwekupenya kwasara pachikamu chekuparadzana kwakaderera pane kana kuenzana ne0.8mm.
4. Nhungamiro yesimbi yesimbi muchikamu chelongitudinal inofanira kunge iri pamwe chete nehutungamiri hwepakati uye maererano nechimiro. Panofanira kunge pasina kusagadzikana uye kusaenderera mberi, uye hapana kukanganisa kwakadai seporosity, kupeta uye kwete-metallic inclusions inobvumirwa.
5. Kuoma kwekudzima nekupisa kurapwa kuri pakati pe220 ne270HB.
6. Mafogi anofanirwa kuongororwa kuti aonekwe akakanganisa.
7. Kugadzirisa welding hazvibvumirwi kune zvirema pane forgings.
8. Kutsauswa kwehutano hwebatch yega yega ye forgings ishoma kudarika kana kuenzana ne3%.
Disclaimer: Ichi chinyorwa chakadhindwa pamhepo, uye kodzero yacho ndeyemunyori wekutanga. Kana mavhidhiyo, mapikicha, uye zvinyorwa zvakashandiswa muchinyorwa ichi zvine nyaya dzekodzero, ndapota tizivise nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Isu tinosimbisa kodzero yacho maererano neumbowo hwezvinhu zvaunopa uye nekubhadhara mubairo wemunyori zvinoenderana nenyika kana kudzima zvirimo nekukurumidza! Zviri muchinyorwa ichi maonero emunyori wekutanga, uye hazvireve kuti iyi yepamutemo account inobvumirana nemafungiro ayo uye ine mutoro wehuchokwadi hwayo.
