Iintonga zokuqhagamshela zizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kwiinjini zepetroli kunye neenjini zedizili, ezinoluhlu olubanzi kunye nemfuno enkulu, phakathi kwazo iinjini zemoto zinemfuno enkulu. Namhlanje, i-Xiaogong ithatha ukuba uqonde ulwazi olufanelekileyo lokudibanisa ukuveliswa kweentonga.
Ubume kunye nomsebenzi wokudibanisa intonga
Intonga yokudibanisa yintonga encinci ye-non-setyhula ene-variable cross-section, kwaye i-cross-section ye-rod body iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka ekupheleni okukhulu ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci ukulungelelanisa nomthwalo oguqukayo oguqukayo ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lomsebenzi. Iqulethwe ngesiphelo esikhulu sentonga yokudibanisa, umzimba wentonga kunye nesiphelo esincinci sentonga yokudibanisa. Ukuphela okukhulu kwentonga yokudibanisa ihlukaniswe, isiqingatha sidibaniswe nomzimba wentonga, kwaye esinye isiqingatha sisimbozo sokudibanisa. Intonga yokudibanisa ihlanganiswe kunye nejenali ephambili ye-crankshaft kunye neebholiti kunye namantongomane. kunye.
Intonga yokudibanisa idibanisa i-piston kunye ne-crankshaft, kwaye idlulisela amandla kwi-piston kwi-crankshaft, iguqula intshukumo yokubuyisela i-piston kwintshukumo ejikelezayo ye-crankshaft. Lelinye lawona macandelo aphambili othumelo lwenjini yemoto. Ithumela uxinzelelo lwerhasi eyandisiweyo esebenza phezulu kwipiston ukuya kwi-crankshaft, ukuze isindululo esibuyelayo somgca wepiston sibe sisindululo esijikelezayo se-crankshaft kumandla aphumayo.
Izixhobo zokusebenza kunye nezikhewu
Uninzi lwezixhobo zokudibanisa izinto ezikhethiweyo zikhethiweyo eziphezulu ze-45 zensimbi, i-40Dr insimbi, njl., kwaye zicinywa kwaye zihlanjululwe ukuphucula ukusebenza kokusika kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo. Ubunzima bufuna intsimbi ye-45 ibe yi-HB217 ~ 293, kunye ne-40Dr ibe yi-HB223 ~ 280. Kukho nabo basebenzisa i-ductile iron kunye ne-powder metallurgy technology, enokunciphisa ixabiso lezinto ezingenanto.
Izibonda zeentsimbi zokudibanisa iintsimbi ngokuqhelekileyo ziveliswa ngokubumba, kwaye kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubhanqa: enye kukubumba umzimba kunye nokugubungela ngokwahlukileyo; Inkqubo yokuqhawula iya kuhlutha. Ukongeza, ukuze ugweme iziphene kwindawo engenanto, umlinganiselo we-100% wobunzima kunye nokufumanisa impazamo kuyadingeka.
Inkqubo yokudibanisa intonga
1. Ukuma kunye nokubambelela 1) Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwedatum kunye noyilo oluqiqileyo lwendawo yokuqala yokumisa yimiba ebalulekileyo kwiteknoloji yokucubungula. Xa utsala iindawo zokumisa iintloko ezinkulu nezincinci zentonga yokudibanisa, isiphelo sesalathiso sobuso bentonga yokudibanisa kunye nesangqa sangaphandle esinamanqaku amathathu esiphelo esincinci esingenanto kunye neengongoma ezimbini zesangqa sangaphandle sesiphelo esikhulu esingenanto sisetyenziselwa ukubeka isalathisi esirhabaxa. Ngale ndlela, isibonelelo somatshini wemingxuma enkulu kunye nencinci yentloko kunye neendawo zokucutshungulwa kwekhava zifana, kwaye ukulinganisa kunye nokudityaniswa kwesiphelo esikhulu sentonga yokudibanisa kuyaqinisekiswa, kwaye ukuma kokugqibela kunye nesikhundla sendibano yecandelo siqinisekiswa.
2) Ekuqhutyweni kwentonga yokudibanisa kunye nendibano, ukucubungula kunye neendlela zokubeka ubuso bomphetho wentonga, indawo ephezulu kunye necala lentloko encinci, kunye necala lentloko enkulu yamkelwa. Kumatshini wokudibanisa intonga yokudibanisa kwinkqubo yomatshini ukusuka kumngxuma webholiti ukuya kwi-spigot, indlela yokwenza kunye nokumisa ubuso bayo besiphelo, ubuso obubini bendawo yokuhlala, kunye nobuso obusecaleni bobuso obuhlala bebholiti enye yamkelwa. Olu hlobo lokumisa kunye nendlela yokudibanisa kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu okuphindaphindiweyo, ukumisa okuzinzile kunye nokuthembekileyo, ukuguqulwa kwamacandelo amancinci, ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye kunokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-roughing ukuya ekugqityweni. Ekubeni isalathiso sokumisa sidityanisiwe, ubukhulu kunye nendawo yeendawo zokumisa kwinkqubo nganye nazo zigcinwa zifana. Zonke ezi zibonelela ngeemeko ezilungileyo zokuzinzisa inkqubo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka komatshini.
2. Ukulungelelaniswa kokulandelelana kwenkqubo kunye nokwahlulwa kwezigaba zokucubungula
Ukuchaneka komlinganiselo, ukuchaneka kobume kunye nokuchaneka kwendawo yentonga yokudibanisa iphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuqina akubi kwaye kulula ukuguqula. Iindawo eziphambili zomatshini wentonga yokudibanisa ziyizimbobo ezinkulu kunye ezincinci zentloko, ubuso obubini besiphelo, indawo edibeneyo phakathi kwentonga yokudibanisa kunye nomzimba wentonga yokudibanisa, kunye neebholiti. Imigangatho yesibini yimingxuma yeoli, i-grooves yokuvala, njl. Kukho neenkqubo ezifana nokulinganisa kunye nokunciphisa, ukuhlola, ukucocwa kunye nokuchithwa. Intonga yokudibanisa i-die forging, kwaye isibonelelo somatshini womngxuma sikhulu, kwaye kulula ukuvelisa uxinzelelo oluseleyo ngexesha lokusika. Ngoko ke, xa ulungiselela inkqubo, iinkqubo ezinqabileyo kunye nokugqiba kwendawo nganye ephambili kufuneka zihlulwe. Ngale ndlela, i-deformation ebangelwa yi-roughing inokulungiswa kwi-semi-finishing. I-deformation eyenziwe kwinkqubo yokugqiba i-semi-fining ingalungiswa kwinkqubo yokugqiba, kwaye ekugqibeleni iimfuno zobugcisa zecandelo zidibene kwaye i-datum yokumisa iqhutywe kuqala kwilungiselelo lenkqubo.
Inkqubo yokudibanisa intonga inokwahlulwa ngokwezigaba ezilandelayo:
I-1) Isigaba sokwenza izinto ezirhabaxa Inqanaba lomatshini elirhabaxa likwayinqanaba lokucubungula phambi kokuba umzimba wentonga edibanisayo kunye nesigqubuthelo zidityaniswe: ikakhulu ukusetyenzwa kwenqwelomoya yedatum, kubandakanywa ukusetyenzwa kwendiza yedatum encedisayo, kunye nokulungiselela indibaniselwano yentonga yokudibanisa umzimba kunye nesigqubuthelo, njengeendawo ezichaseneyo zombini. ukugaya, ukucola, njl.
I-2) Isigaba sokugqiba i-semi-finishing isigaba sokugqiba i-semi-finishing kwakhona i-processing emva kokuba umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa kunye nesigqubuthelo zidityanisiwe, njengokusila kakuhle kweenqwelomoya ezimbini, ukugqiba isiqingatha somngxunya omkhulu wentloko kunye ne-chamfering yomngxuma, njl.
I-3) Inqanaba lokugqiba Inqanaba lokugqiba ngokuyintloko kukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izimbobo ezinkulu nezincinci kwindawo ephambili yentonga yokudibanisa ihlangabezana neemfuno zomzobo, njengokucoca umgodi omkhulu wesiphelo, ukubhoreka kakuhle umgodi omncinci wokuthwala isiphelo, njl njl.
4) Itheyibhile yokuhamba kwenkqubo yokudibanisa intonga
Luluphi uhlobo lwentonga yokudibanisa intonga efanelekileyo yokudibanisa?
Isiphelo esincinci sentonga yokudibanisa idibaniswe nepiston ngepiston yepiston, kwaye isiphelo esikhulu sidibene nejenali ye-crankshaft. Ubungakanani beziphelo ezinkulu nezincinci zixhomekeke kwindawo yoxinzelelo. Ukushisa okusebenzayo kwentonga yokudibanisa yi-90～100℃, kwaye isantya sokuhamba si-3000～5000r / min. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena okugudileyo kokudibanisa intonga kumgca wokuvelisa ochanekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokuchaneka kwendibano yeendawo ezigqityiweyo kwi-injini, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukuze kugcinwe ukuxhaphaka okuphezulu koxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo olutshintshanayo loxinzelelo ngexesha lokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu, i-crankshaft ihlala ilungelelene. imeko, efuna amandla aphezulu kunye nobomi bokudinwa kokudibanisa intonga.
Kwisiseko sokuhlangabezana nokuchaneka komgangatho wemizobo, i-forging yentonga yokudibanisa kufuneka ihlangabezane nezi mfuno zilandelayo zobugcisa kunye nomgangatho:
1. I-slope ye-forging engafakwanga iphakathi kwe-3 ° kunye ne-5 °, kwaye i-radius ye-fillet engafakwanga iphakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-5mm.
2. Umphezulu ongengoomatshini kufuneka ube mpuluswa, kwaye kungabikho ziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka, ukugoba, amanxeba, kunye nezikali ze-oxide (imigodi enobunzulu be-> 1mm) ivumelekile.
3. Ububanzi bokukhanya okushiyekileyo kumphezulu wokwahlula bungaphantsi okanye bulingana no-0.8mm.
4. Isalathiso semicu yetsimbi kwinqanaba le-longitudinal kufuneka libe kunye nolwalathiso lomgca ophakathi kwaye luhambelane nomlo. Akufuneki kubekho ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuyeka, kwaye akukho ziphene ezifana ne-porosity, ukugoqa kunye nokufakwa kwe-non-metallic kuvunyelwe.
5. Ubunzima bokucima kunye nonyango olushushu luphakathi kwe-220 kunye ne-270HB.
6. Iifogi kufuneka zihlolwe ukuze kufunyaniswe iziphene.
7. Ukulungiswa kwe-welding akuvumelekanga kwiziphene kwi-forgings.
8. Ukutenxa umgangatho webhetshi nganye yokufogina ingaphantsi okanye ilingana ne-3%.
I-Disclaimer: Eli nqaku liveliswe kwi-intanethi, kwaye i-copyright yeyombhali wokuqala. Ukuba iividiyo, imifanekiso, kunye neetekisi ezisetyenziswe kweli nqaku zibandakanya imiba yelungelo lokushicilela, nceda usazise ngokukhawuleza. Siya kuqinisekisa i-copyright ngokwezixhobo zobungqina ozinikezelayo kwaye sihlawule umvuzo wombhali ngokwemigangatho yelizwe okanye ucime umxholo ngokukhawuleza! Umxholo weli nqaku ngumbono wombhali wokuqala, kwaye akuthethi ukuba le akhawunti esemthethweni iyavumelana noluvo lwayo kwaye inoxanduva lokunyaniseka kwayo.
